Устойчивость населенного пункта благодаря развитию человеческого и социального капитала (на примере пгт Октябрьское Республики Крым)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22394/2500-1809-2024-9-4-218-245Ключевые слова:
устойчивое развитие, расселение, сельская местность, человеческий капитал, социальный капитал, крымАннотация
Обеспечение устойчивого развития территорий - одно из ключевых направлений мировой и национальной политики. Несмотря на резонанс и финансовую помощь многие территории продолжают отставать и страдать от социально-экономических кризисов по причине как экономической специализации, так и особенностей развития локальных сообществ. В настоящее время в России депопуляция охватила не только определенные типы населенных пунктов и местностей, но целые макро-территории (например, Север и Арктику), что происходит не только из-за экономического отставания, но и в результате социальной атомизации, неразвитости социальных связей на микроуровне. Правительство предпринимает усилия для сглаживания демографических контрастов внутри страны, направляя в отстающие регионы дополнительные средства в виде федеральных трансфертов и субсидий, реализуя политику инициативного бюджетирования, национальные проекты, целевые программы по поддержке локальных проектов. Население Крымского полуострова, за исключением Севастополя, постепенно сокращается по целому ряду причин: периферийность региона, отставание темпов социально-экономического развития, близость к зоне боевых действий, этническая напряженность и пр. Однако некоторые населенные пункты ни только не теряют население, но даже наращивают его численность. В статье такое поселение рассмотрено с разных точек зрения: исторических предпосылок, хозяйственной специализации, особенностей социально-экономического и экономико-географического развития, а также возможностей наращивания и реализации социального и человеческого капитала. Авторы приходят к выводу, что устойчивость населенного пункта не может быть обеспечена только дополнительным финансированием проектов благоустройства и строительства инфраструктуры.Библиографические ссылки
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